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Discussion of Principles

Ohm's Law

A current I flows through an object when an electric potential difference V is placed across the object. For the important class of materials called conductors, it is observed that I is proportional to V. This is not true for the class of materials call semiconductors.

The constant of proportionality is called the resistance of the object, and we have that 

V = IR

 

Resistors in Series and in Parallel

Resistors which are connected in series may be replaced by an equivalent resistor 

 

 

Resistors which are connected in parallel may be replaced by an equivalent resistor with 

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